Romania
Cap in the app: 80 km/h.
Speed
80 km/h outside built-up areas: the car's 90 minus the 10 km/h that art. 50 (2) deducts for an outfit. On the motorway 120, on an E road 90.
Source. OUG 195/2002 republicată, art. 50 (1) a) and (2), consolidation 2025-12-27, Portalul Legislativ id 250730 read via Wayback 2026-02-19
Dimensions — one step out of the traffic act, and then no exceptions at all
Romania resembles Greece in form and is its opposite in content. The traffic act OUG 195/2002 contains no dimension: it merely defines what an excess is and points away. But unlike the Greek chain, the Romanian one ends after a single step, and the instrument it points at defines its own scope in a sentence containing not a single vehicle category.
Source. OG nr. 43/1997 privind regimul drumurilor, republished in Monitorul Oficial nr. 237 of 1998-06-29, art. 41 and anexele nr. 2 and 3, in the consolidated version the portal dates 2025-08-25 — the latest entry in the page's own istoric consolidări. That amendment comes from OG nr. 15/2025 (MO nr. 784 of 2025-08-22) and touches art. 6, 40^1, 41 alin. (27) and (29), 41^1 and 61; none of the annexes' dimensions. The traffic act is OUG 195/2002 republicată, the same document the speed row at the top of this page rests on. Both read via the Wayback Machine, for reasons given under the method note.
The traffic act defines the excess and leaves the figure to someone else. OUG 195/2002 art. 6 point 36:
36. vehicul cu mase sau dimensiuni de gabarit depășite - vehiculul care, datorită dimensiunilor sale ori mărfurilor transportate, depășește masele totale maxime admise sau dimensiunile de gabarit admise, prevăzute în reglementările legale;
Art. 68 alin. (2) repeats the same thing from the traffic rules' side: vehicles that depășesc masa și/sau gabaritul prevăzute de normele legale may drive only on stretches designated by the road authority. The figures stand in the roads act.
The prohibition in the roads act is written without categories. OG 43/1997 art. 41 alin. (1):
(1) Este interzisă circulația pe drumurile publice a vehiculelor rutiere, înmatriculate sau înregistrate în România sau în alte state, cu depășirea masei totale maxime admise, maselor maxime admise pe axe și/sau dimensiunilor maxime admise în circulație prevăzute în anexele nr. 2 și 3.
And anexa nr. 2 says itself, in a single sentence before the table, what it means by a vehicle:
Prin vehicul se înțelege orice autovehicul rutier având cel puțin două axe sau un ansamblu format dintr-un autovehicul și semiremorca sau remorca tractată de acesta.
That is the whole delimitation. No enumeration of M2, M3, N2, N3, no requirement of goods transport, no weight limit, no commercial element. A car has at least two axles and a caravan is remorca tractată de acesta. The definition of ansamblu de vehicule in the traffic act's art. 6 point 4 points the same way and is moreover more generous than most: "vehiculul cu motor cuplat cu unul sau două vehicule, care circulă pe drum ca o unitate" — two trailers may be coupled, not one.
The figures. Anexa nr. 2 has four columns for four road classes — R reabilitate, NR nereabilitate, M modernizate, P pietruite — but those four columns concern the masses. On the dimensions side the same figures stand in all four, all the way down:
1.1. Lungime: Autovehicul, altul decât autobuz 12,00 · Remorcă 12,00 · Vehicul articulat 16,50 · Tren rutier 18,75 · Autobuz cu două axe 13,50 · Autobuz cu mai mult de două axe 15,00 · Autobuz cu remorcă 18,75 · Autobuz articulat 18,75
1.2. Lățime: a) Toate vehiculele, cu excepția vehiculelor menționate la lit. b) 2,55 · b) Suprastructuri de vehicule izoterme sau containere ori cutii mobile izoterme transportate de vehicule 2,60
1.3. Înălțime (orice vehicul) 4,00
| Dimension | Limit | Article |
|---|---|---|
| Width, all vehicles | 2.55 m | anexa 2 pkt 1.2 a) |
| Width, isothermal body | 2.60 m | anexa 2 pkt 1.2 b) |
| Height, orice vehicul | 4.00 m | anexa 2 pkt 1.3 |
| Length, car (other than a bus) | 12.00 m | anexa 2 pkt 1.1 |
| Length, caravan (remorcă) | 12.00 m | anexa 2 pkt 1.1 |
| Length, outfit (tren rutier) | 18.75 m | anexa 2 pkt 1.1 |
The second annex closes the hole instead of opening one. Anexa nr. 3 is called "MASE ȘI DIMENSIUNI maxime admise și caracteristicile conexe ale vehiculelor rutiere, altele decât cele prevăzute în anexa nr. 2" — it is therefore written precisely for the vehicles and combinations the first annex does not enumerate, and it repeats its predecessor's vehicle definition word for word. Its mass rows differ, but its dimension rows are identical: 12.00, 16.50, 18.75, 2.55, 2.60 and 4.00. In almost every other country in this section, precisely this question — which enumeration you land in — is what decides whether the figures apply to a car with a caravan. In Romania the question has no effect, since both answers give the same figures. Anexa nr. 3 has no row of its own for a trailer alone, so the caravan's twelve metres come solely from anexa nr. 2.
The term tren rutier is not defined in either instrument. That is not what carries the conclusion: the annex's own sentence about un ansamblu format dintr-un autovehicul și … remorca tractată de acesta does, and the 18.75 row is the only one in the table that fits a car with an ordinary trailer.
Romania is the only country in the material that writes out a measuring tolerance. It stands not in the annex but in the penalty scale in art. 61 alin. (1) lit. b) point (iii), and it is framed so that neither charge, permit nor fine applies below the limit:
– lungime: … nu se aplică tarife suplimentare, nu se eliberează AST și nu se aplică sancțiuni contravenționale dacă lungimea maximă admisă este depășită cu cel mult 1% inclusiv
– lățime: … dacă lățimea maximă admisă este depășită cu cel mult 2% inclusiv
– înălțime: … dacă înălțimea maximă admisă este depășită cu cel mult 1,0 cm.
Two per cent on the width is five centimetres, one per cent on an outfit of 18.75 m is nearly nineteen. The height is the strict one: one centimetre, not one per cent. Over tolerance the fine is mild at the bottom and steep at the top — 150–250 lei for up to 5 % on the length, 300–400 lei for up to 5 % on the width, 100–300 lei for up to 1 % on the height, and 8,000–10,000 lei for more than 20 % on any of the three. Art. 61 alin. (1) lit. b) moreover begins avertisment sau, după caz, cu amendă: a warning is a permitted outcome.
The permit exists, and it is written for the vehicle, not for the load. Art. 41 alin. (2) makes the AST — autorizația specială de transport — the only way past the dimensions, issued in advance and fără discriminare. Alin. (6) enumerates five cases, and the one that catches a too-tall or too-wide caravan is lit. b), "vehicule care depășesc constructiv masele și/sau dimensiunile maxime admise", which has no ceiling value. The numeric ceilings in lit. c) — at most 3.0 m over the permitted length, at most 3.20 m width, and the height may not be exceeded at all — apply to transports of divisible goods, not to a vehicle that is itself too large.
And whoever gets an AST gets a weekend rule into the bargain. Art. 41 alin. (18):
Circulația vehiculelor cu depășiri ale maselor și/sau dimensiunilor maxime admise pentru care s-au eliberat AST-uri este interzisă în zilele de sâmbătă, duminică, în zilele premergătoare zilelor de sărbătoare legală și în zilele de sărbătoare legală, între orele 6,00 și 22,00.
The issuer may grant an exception, but the basic rule is that the permit does not apply on Saturday, Sunday, public holidays and the day before a public holiday between six and twenty-two. For a holiday journey it is the permit's most intrusive condition and the one that shows in no dimensions table. Responsibility for driving without an AST falls under alin. (17) in a chain ending with the driver: carrier, user, holder, driver, consignor — in that order, each one only when the previous cannot be identified.
Method note. The Portalul Legislativ refuses this host at network level, exactly as described in the method section above: the TLS handshake completes and then comes a reset, curl code 92 over HTTP/2 and 56 over HTTP/1.1, with and without --no-alpn, and against the site root as well. The text is therefore read from the Wayback Machine with the id_ variant and --compressed. Three snapshots were fetched — 2025-09-06, 2026-02-12 and 2026-05-12 — and the two later ones are byte-identical after tag removal, while the 2025 one differs on exactly one line: the year in the footer's copyright row. Eight months without a change in a text whose own consolidation history ends 2025-08-25 is the confirmation available. The page's istoric consolidări was read from the same retrieval and used to date the version, not an assumption that the latest archive visit shows the latest content. The words rulotă and autoturism do not occur once in OG 43/1997, and rulotă not in OUG 195/2002 either: Romania never mentions the caravan, and does not need to, since the annex never mentions any other vehicle type either.